North Dakota officials decided Thursday to require energy companies to treat the crude they pump from the Bakken Shale to make it less volatile before shipment by pipeline or train.  The decision comes amid growing public concern about the safety of oil-laden trains crisscrossing the country. Several oil trains have derailed and produced fireballs since 2013. The state expects to issue final rules by December 11th.  Production of light shale oil through hydraulic fracturing has soared, accounting for most of the additional three million barrels a day of oil that the U.S. produces today compared with 2009. Much of that is shipped to refineries by railcars, especially crude produced from Bakken Shale due to few pipelines.

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